Charge-forming device



Feb. 10, 1931. w. B. ELLIS CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed April 9, 1928 INVEN TOR.

A TO EY.

Patented Feb. 10, 1931 UN D.

i P i 1,792,367 v wiLLIAM B. ELLIS, or ATLA TA, GEORGIA- c AneE-Fomvime imvIcE i I Application filed April 9,

maybe employed-for any purposes wherein it is found applicable, andthe invention has for its object toprovide, in a manner as here- I inafter set forth, for the conversionof liq- 10 uid fuel into a gas or vapo r 'stateprior to themixing thereof withair and to increase the temperature of'the mixed charge prior to its entry into the explosionchan ber of the en- 'ine.

,vi'de, in a manner as hereinafter set forth,

1 a heating unit for utilizing the temperature 'ofithe' products of combustion of; an internal combustionengine to convert. a liquid fuel into a gaseous or vaporstate, and to further l provide a conducting means therefor that inr sures a balanced continuous flow of said produnit; l V e Anotherohject of'theinvention is to provide, in a manneras hereinafterset forth ducts around the parts to be' heated bythe for a-more perfect mixture of the explosive charge, less weigh tfof fueliper cubic foot of m1Xture,"a more perfect 'nnxtureat' a lower temperature andtherefore allowing'agreater weight ofexplosive mixture per cubic foot 'o f piston displacement, which in turn re-- 'sults' in "a highercompression pressure followed by an increased power stroke. f 5 'fFurther' objects of the invention'areto provide, in a manner as'hereinafterset forth acharge forming device which is simple 'i'n its construction and operation, strong, compact and durable thoroughly efficient in its purposesiand inexpensive to manuj U cular; outer, Walll'12 spaced with respect to intended facturea Withthe foregoing andother objects in view the invention consists of the'novel 3 construction, combinationand arrangement nfparts as hereinafter more spec'ifioally de P scribed, and illustrated, wherein is shown an embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understoodthat changes, variations and modifications maybe resorted to which fall within the scopeof th'elinv'ention as claimed.

1928'. se ial in. zesyes. N e 7 In the drawings wherein like refer} ence characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views Figure .l'is a side elevation'ofan interl'i'al combustion engine showing the adaptation therewith of a charge form-111g device in' ac zcordance with this invention, the device being :partly in section;

Figure 2is a ure 1; c I 1 Figure 3 is a sectionon line 3 8 f Fi lire 1. V

Figure 4: is afrag t in longi section on line 2.2 of Fig by c e V Ctu'din'al section of the device.

' 5} 'Another object of theinvention is to..pro

an suitable length, an exhaust manifold 6 opening into a discharge pipe 6, and a liquid fuel supply pipe. 7 leading froma storage tank not shown in the drawing.

The heating unit in accordancewith this 7 invention comprises a pipe section ,8 of'a diameter in conformity with the diameter of and leading to the standard supply pipe '5; 7 Thelen th of the pipe section 8 may betas desired 1 depending upon the-distance between 'ithe carburetingchamber and the'sup'plypip'e V 5.- The ends "of the pipe section 8 are pref-a ferably, provided with fl'ange couplings 9, 9 for connecting it between the casting V designated generally at-lOand thefpipe 5". If desired the supply pipe 5 may be dispensed -;wi th and the pipe. 8' connected directly to I the intake of the "manifold 7 Intermediate theendsof' the pipe section 8,extending concentrically thereof, andpreferably' made integral with its walls, isa closed substantially cylindrical shaped hea t- 7,90

ing jacket 11. The ja cketfcomprises a oi'r with-an opening '16 made in the [exhaust 1 manifold 6 for the purpose of conducting the products of combustion from the manifold to the heating space 13.

A pair of nipples 17, 18 project radially from the diametrically opposite side walls 12 near the bottom ofthe jacket and are pref erably provided with flange couplings 19,19 on their outer ends for unionwith -the oppositely extending conductor pipes] 21.

. The nipples are in open communication with the bottom of heating space 13 and the resepctive conductor pipes 20, 21.- The conductor pipe 21 connected with the forwardly projecting nipple 17 is the upper branch of a substantially Y-shaped section of pipe designated generally'at 22, the stem'22 of which is joined with the exhaustpipe 6, whereas the adjacent branch will be hereinafter referred to.

The conductor ii'e 2O connect-edto the i opening 2 6which communicates with another L-shaped conductor pipe 27. The conductor pipe is coupled to the wall of the casing surrounding said opening. and extends upwardly and forwardly and is coupled to the branch 28 adjacent branch 21 of the Y-shaped pipe 22. i

The products of combustion pass out of the exha t manifol into the t p o the hea ing space 131and are dispersed therefrom in eppe e tions a che t i y the era rows on the drawings. The incoming mixed] charge from c'astinglO is heated by the jacket 1-1 as itpas'ses throughpipe '8 on itsavay to the engine cylinder.v Part of the gases pass out of the bottom of the jacket rearwardly through conductor pipe20-,gthrough the heating casingiQt and return to the exhaust pipe 6 by way ofv conductor-pipe 27, branch 28 and stem .In the easing2 -th 1 quid fue in pipe line 25 is convertedinto a gas or vapor by the heat of the products of co nbustion circulating through said casi11g.wThe m i gper en of t pr uets f cemhuehm m y flowd r tly om. the i eke in o fi e exhau Pipe .6 through th b nch 21 nd te '2 f t X- shape P113622.- l Wil -he hetedthet hark pressur hi the reerardfle ef th fpreicluete ii xby th 7., isipheh ef ec Predu edzhy reas n e the i 11- re seel how threegh the rapper hre-neh ".e

increased flew b tjh eugh branch 21 create e'ee iehih ree of eeih tieh; w llxh eqeleliz he she-red." 2-

2$ theeres1seres eam d; a

Wel the eof: Th e ee ee .35 i f m with a nozzle to be hereinafter referredto.

bottom to'thesupportfil and at its top with. the ange of th t e of upply P P P r en t ene a e l ereh -p tit red s15 deer andthe level of theliquid therein is controlled by a float 29 which coacts with a valve not shown in the drawings. From the bottom of the'r'eservoir the fuel is conducted into a passage 30 formed integral with a supporting member'31. The passage 150 communicates with an enlarged portion 25' ofthe' fuel conducting pipe line 25. The enlarged portion 25 projoctsat right angles to the pipe line 25 and functions as a stand pipe. The suc tionstroke'of the engine draws the liquid fuel out of the stand pipe 25 and the amount withdrawn is controlled by regulating needle valve 82 with respect to the-valve seat 33 therefor. by adjusting the handle 34.}. The needle valve is supported on the member 31 having. the stem thereof projecting axially into'the stand pipe 25 and abutting the valve seat 33 which extends across thegin ier walls of the stand pipe 25". above the fluid level inthe reservoir v29. v 4

Erointhe stand pipe 25 the liquid fuel is drawn into pipe line 25 by the suction stroke of the engine where' it is converted into a gas or vapor when itpasses'through'the heating e in .2 m unt d the p pe lin '2 Th pipe line 25 as illustrated is formed withapair of extensions forward offthe casing 245 one, indicated at 35and the other at 35; The ex tension ,35 is of angle shape: and is provided therein with a valve-seat36 and, an adjust able valve 37 coactingwith seat. 36. Coupled to the extension35isa ,nozzle36 which extends through the outer'wall of the casting 10' f rpu peee to 'b r r ed Th ext nsion' 35 is of a length to extend around-the casting 10 and project through the forward Th a t n .10 i ubst n al y a ri h a shelllhaving fianges 38, on its perpendicular portion bywhioh it'is joined at its 1 bvel ite le held e t e i e a Th 'p rpe d ell-er pe t he i h -ee ting p id s 911 it interior a mixing;compartment4Q at it's-upfremee h e h i amen-er he efterteb referred tef The rap .4 s p o i d at h 'lew r eatr m ty'ef th perp ndicular Portio recollect the fi l iell ti iquid fu l-Which is eeesiue edawayth eughen eeeiiih $2 .1 th side walls thereof. 4

; Gemm nieat ng *v ith the in erior a the rerr hdi ule pert eh eff eee h 9 ha es n r zve ?ely at in halves i ler rehdieularrerb ee ellee hit eerie at Lee butterfly ehehe elveee whie ie-enera ed The interior partition walls in the perpen: dicular portion of the casting 10 consists of a flat flutter valve 46" of greater area than a semicircle. The corded edge of the valve is V pivotedaat 47, 48 to theouter wall of the .per-

perpendicular portion is partitioned. The:

partition formed by the flutter valve 46 and the segmental wall t9 divide the mixing chamber 40 from the trap 41 and the mouth ofthe airpipe l3.

The segmental wall 49 'isprovided wlth an. "upwardly flared opening or nozzle 50 extendingtherthrough which is located in V alignment with nozzle 36 of the gaseous fuel supply pipe extension which enters the side wall of the perpendicular portionofcasting 10 just above the segmental wall. Air comes into the chamber from the pipe 48 and up through the flared opening 570 where it mixes with the incoming gaseous or vaporized fuel from the nozzle 36 in the mixing compartment 40. V lhe flutter valve 461s provided on its curved edge with a cavity51 through which projects the nozzle 52'on the end of the gaseous fuel pipe extension 35. The cavity allows the flutter of the valve 46 without binding onthe nozzle. A pair of ears 53 on the face of thevalve 46 are rigidly con nected by means of the links 54 to a spring controlled bolt 55, the tension upon which may be varied by turning the knob 56. The vacuum caused by the'intake ofthe engine tendsto swing the fluttervalve 46 open and allow air from pipe 48 todisplace the vac} mixing compartment 40 depends upon how' uum in the mixing compartmentAO. The

amount of air permitted to rush into the far the valve 46 may swing open, and its swing can be regulated by the tension placed on the spring compressed bolt 55 adjusted by knob 56.

Below the jacketjll and extending across the section of pipe 8 above the mixing compartment 40 is a' pivoted butterfly throttle valve 57 which regulates the amount of mixed gases which are allowed to be drawn into the intake manifold 5. The valve is controlled'by a rod 58which extends to the desired control point. 7

In operation, the air rushing through the flared opening 50 drawsthe vaporized fuel from the pipe line 25,through the extension 35 and nozzle 36' into the mixing compartm-ent 40. As the fuel leavesthe nozzlec36', it is mixed with the'air rushing through the the c linders.

' hereto.

opening 50' and the richness of such mixture valve'37 withrespect to the valveseat 36. The richness of the mixture may be further varied by manipulation of the needle valve 32 with respect to the valve seat 33, whereby the flowof liquid into the pipe line 25 may be i controlled to vary the density of the vapor ized fuel within the pipeline 25.

As the speed of the engine increases, the flutter valve 46 is forced open whereby additional air is admitted to the compartment may be varied as desired'by adjusting the 40 from the pipe43. As the air from the pipe 43 rushes past the nozzle 52,'add1tional fuel is drawn from the pipeline 25, through the extension 35 and nozzle 52 into the mixing compartment 40, thereby tending to. equalize therichness of the mixture within the compartment 40 at varying speeds of the engine. To additionally increase the: efliciency of theengine, the'mixture is passed from the compartment 40 through the heating jacket. 11

It is thought that the manyadvantages of a charge forming device in accordance with this invention willbe readily apparent, and although the preferred embodiment is asillustrated anddescribed, yet it is to be understood that changes inthe details of construction may be made, which fall within the before being discharged into scope of the invention as defined inthe ap pended claim. lVhatI claim is 1 A' chargeforming device comprising, a, liquid fuel conducting line, a heater for vaporizing the fuel on its travel through the line, means to provide a mixing chamber for receiving the vaporized fuel,a conduit leading, from said line to the mixing chamber, means tor admitting air to the mixing chamber proximity'to the mouth of said conduit to be mixed with the vaporized fuel discharged from said conduit, an intake manifold in communication with said chambena jacket encircling a portion of said intakemanifold, an exhaust manifold in communication with. said q A note of combustion therein, a pipe leading from said jacket to said heater, a return-pipe JacketfOr discharging prod- 7 1 15 leading fromsaid heater to the exhaust manifold, and-a suction pipe leading from said acket and opening intosaid return pipe at an acute angle thereto. and in proximity to the exhaust manifold to sure in said return pipe.

In testimony whereof, I aflix signature WILLiAM TBQ nLLIsf prevent pres- 

